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1 παρακαταλέχομαι
A lie down beside, lie or sleep with ([dialect] Ep. only in non-thematic [tense] aor. or [tense] impf.),τῇ ὅ γε παρκατέλεκτο Il.9.565
, cf. 664.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > παρακαταλέχομαι
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2 ἐρύω
ἐρύω (A), Il.4.467, al., [dialect] Ion. [full] εἰρύω, [dialect] Dor. [full] ϝερύω (v. infr.): [dialect] Ep. inf. εἰρύμεναι [pron. full] [ῠ] Hes.Op. 818: [tense] impf.Aεἴρυον Mosch.2.14
,ἔρυον Il.12.258
,ἐρύεσκον Nonn.D.43.50
: [tense] fut.ἐρύω Il.11.454
, al.,ἐρύσω Opp.H.5.375
; [dialect] Ep.ἐρύσσω Orph.L.35
, Nonn.D.17.183 : [tense] aor.εἴρῠσα Od.2.389
, Hdt. 2.136 (in Hdt. εἴρυσα takes the place of εἵλκυσα),ἔρῠσα Il.5.573
;εἴρυσσα 3.373
, Od.8.85 ; lengthd. ἐρύσασκε ([etym.] ἐξ-) Il.10.490; imper. (hex.), [dialect] Dor. ϝερυσάτω (dub. sens.) BCH50.15 (Delphi, iv B.C.); subj.ἐρύσω Il.17.230
,εἰρύσω Hp.Morb.2.8
, etc.; [ per.] 2sg.ἐρύσσῃς Il.5.110
; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 1pl. ἐρύσσομεν (for - ωμεν) 14.76, 17.635 ; opt.ἐρύσαιμι 8.21
, εἰρύσαιμι Timo 59 ; inf. ἐρύσαι, ἐρύσσαι, Il.17.419, 8.23,εἰρύσαι Hp. Morb.1.29
, ([etym.] δι-, ἐξ-) Hdt.7.24, 1.141 ; part.ἐρύσας Il.23.21
,ἐρύσαις Pi. N.7.67
,εἰρύσας Hdt.4.10
,ἐρύσσας A.R.3.913
.—[dialect] Ion., [dialect] Dor., and poet. Verb:—drag, draw, implying force or violence, νῆα..εἰς ἅλα, ἅλαδε, ἤπειρόνδε, Il.1.141, Od.2.389, 10.423 ; ἐπ' ἠπείροιο on land, 16.325, 359 ; [δόρυ] ἐ. ἐπ' ἄκρης, of the Trojan horse, 8.508 ; freq. of the dead, νεκρόν, νεκροὺς ἐ., of the friends, drag them away, rescue them, Il.5.573, 16.781 ; of the enemy, drag them off for plunder, ransom, etc., 4.467, al.; τρὶς ἐρύσας περὶ σῆμα (sc. Ἕκτορα) 24.16 ; of dogs and birds of prey, drag and tear,οἰωνοὶ ὠμησταὶ ἐρύουσι 11.454
, etc.; drag away, carry off violently, Od.9.99: c. gen. partit.,διὰ δώματ' ἐ...ἢ ποδὸς ἢ καὶ χειρός 17.479
; ἐ. τινὰ κουρίξ by the hair, 22.187 ; also, pull down, tear away,κρόσσας μὲν πύργων ἔρυον Il.12.258
, cf. 14.35.2 simply, draw, pull,δόρυ ἐξ ὠτειλῆς 16.863
;φάρμακον ἐκ γαίης Od.10.303
;ἐξ οὐρανόθεν πεδίονδε Ζῆν' Il.8.21
;κίον' ἀν' ὑψηλὴν ἐρύσαι Od.22.176
; φᾶρος..κὰκ κεφαλῆς εἴρυσσε drew it over his head, 8.85 ; ἄλλον μὲν χλαίνης ἐρύων, ἄλλον δὲ χιτῶνος pulling or plucking him by.., Il. 22.493 ; νευρὴν ἐπὶ τῷ ἐ. drawing the bowstring at him, 15.464 ;ἐ. τόξον Hdt.3.30
,4.10; εἴρυσον ἔγχος draw thy sword, S.Tr. 1033 (hex.); attract, absorb, [ ὑγρόν] Hp.Loc.Hom.14 : c. gen. partit.,τῆς χολῆς Id.Morb.1.29
; ἐπί τινι κλῆρον ἐ. draw lots for.., Call.Jov.62 ; ἐκ ποδὸς ἐ. to put aside, Pi.N.7.67 ; ὅππῃ ἐμὸν νόον εἰρύσαιμι Timol.c.; also πλίνθους εἰρύσαι make bricks, Hdt.2.136. (B) [voice] Med. [full] ἐρύομαι, [dialect] Ion. [full] εἰρύομαι [pron. full] [ῠ], [tense] fut. inf.Aἐρύεσθαι Il.14.422
, al., ἐρύσσεσθαι v.l. in Od.21.125, Il.21.176 : [tense] aor. 1εἰρύσσατο 22.306
,ἐρύσαντο 1.466
, etc.; subj.ἐρύσωμαι A.R.1.1204
; opt. ἐρύσαιο, -αίατο, Il.5.456, 298 ; inf.ἐρύσασθαι 22.351
; part.ἐρυσσάμενος 1.190
, εἰρυσάμενος (ἐπ-) Hdt.4.8:—draw for oneself, ἐρυσαίμεθα νῆας launch us ships, Il.14.79 ; [ἵππον] ἐς ἀκρόπολιν ἐ. Od.8.504
; ξίφος, ἄορ, μάχαιραν ἐρύεσθαι, draw one's sword, Il.4.530, 21.173, 3.271 ;ἄορ ἐκ κολεοῖο Theoc.22.191
;δόρυ ἐξ ὠτειλῆς εἰρυσάμην Od.10.165
; of meat on the spit, ἐρύσαντό τε πάντα they drew all off, Il.1.466, etc.; ἐρύσσασθαι μενεαίνων in his anxiety to draw [the bow], Od.21.125 ;βύρσαν θηρὸς ἀπὸ μελέων Theoc.25.273
; simply, wrench,ὅταν ἱστὸν ἀνέμοιο κατάϊξ..ὑπὲκ προτόνων ἐρύσηται A.R.1.1204
.2 of captives, χρυσῷ ἐρύσασθαι weigh against gold (cf. ἕλκω): hence, ransom, Il.22.351 (cf. ἀντερύομαι).II draw out of the press,ἐρύσασθαί τινα μάχης Il.5.456
; esp. of friends dragging away the body of a slain hero,οὐδέ κε..ἐκ βελέων ἐρύσαντο νέκυν 18.152
; of enemies, 14.422, 17.161 : c. dat., in spite of, from, 5.298, 17.104. (C) [voice] Pass., [tense] pf. εἴρῡμαι, [tense] plpf. [ per.] 3pl.Aεἰρύατο [ῡ Il.14.30
, al., [pron. full] ῠ 4.248], εἴρυντο (v. infr.): [tense] aor. ἐρύσθην or εἰρ-, Hp.Epid.5.47, Mul.1.36:—to be drawn ashore, drawn up in line, of ships,εἴρυντο νέες ταχὺν ἀμφ' Ἀχιλῆα Il.18.69
; , cf.4.248.2 to be drawn, attracted, of moisture, Hp.l.c.; to be contracted, ἐς τοὔπισθεν ἐρυσθείς, of tetanic convulsions, Id.Epid.5.47 ; τὴν γνάθον ἐρυσθεῖσα ib.4.36. (ϝερῠ-, ϝρῡ-, cf. ῥῡ-τήρ ([etym.] βρύτηρ), ῥῦ-μα, ῥῡ-μός.)------------------------------------ἐρύω (B), only in [voice] Med. [full] ἐρύομαι, redupl. non-thematic [tense] pres. [ per.] 3pl. εἰρύαται [pron. full] [ῠ] Il.1.239, h.Cer. 152, [pron. full] [ῡ]Od.16.463 ; inf.Aεἴρυσθαι 3.268
, 23.151 (from se-srū-, v. infr.); [tense] impf.εἴρῡτο Il.16.542
, 24.499, Od.23.229, Hes.Sc. 138,εἴρυντο Il.12.454
, εἰρύατο [pron. full] [ῠ] 22.303 : from unredupl. stem [pref] ῥῡ- ( srū-]), non-thematic [ per.] 3pl. [tense] impf. ῥύατ' [pron. full] [ῡ] 18.515, Od.17.201, inf.ῥῦσθαι Il.15.141
, iterat.ῥύσκευ 24.730
: thematic [tense] pres. [full] ῥύομαι [pron. full] [ῠ] Od.14.107, 15.35, Il.9.396, 10.259, 417, Hes.Sc. 105 ; with ῡ, ῥύομ' Il.15.257
,ῥύοιτο 12.8
,ῥύοισθε 17.224
; [tense] impf. ῥύετ' [pron. full] [ῡ] 16.799 : [pron. full] ῡ in Trag. (E.HF 197, al., also A.Eleg.3), but [pron. full] ῠ in Id.Th. 303 (lyr.), 824 (anap.): thematic [tense] impf. ἐρύετο [pron. full] [ῡ] Il.6.403 ; non-thematicἔρῡτο 4.138
, 5.23, al.,ἔρῡσο 22.507
( ἔρῡτο as [tense] aor. 2 S.OT 1351 (lyr.)): [tense] pres. inf.ἔρυσθαι Od.5.484
,9.194, al.; later [tense] pres. ind.ἔρῡται A.R.2.1208
: [tense] fut.ἐρύσσεται Il.10.44
, ἐρύεσθαι [pron. full] [ῠ] 20.195, ῥύσομαι [pron. full] [ῡ] Hes.Th. 662, Hdt.1.86, A.Th.91 (lyr.); [ per.] 3pl. : [tense] aor. I εἰρῠσάμην (from e-serū-) Il.4.186, 20.93, 21.230 ; opt. ἐρύσαιτο [pron. full] [ῠ] 24.584 ; ind. also ἐρρύσατο [pron. full] [ῡ] Od.1.6, al., ἐρύσατο [pron. full] [ῡ] Il.5.344, al., once withῥῠ, ῥῠσάμην 15.29
: from the redupl.[tense] pres. εἴρῡμαι are formed [tense] fut. ind. [ per.] 3pl.εἰρύσσονται 18.276
, I pl.εἰρῠόμεσθα 21.588
: [tense] aor. I inf.εἰρύσσασθαι 1.216
; opt.εἰρυσσαίμην 8.143
, 17.327, Od.16.459:—later [voice] Pass., [tense] aor.ἐρρύσθην Ev.Luc.1.74
, 2 Ep.Ti.4.17, Hld.10.7 : for ἔρῠτο and ἐρυσσάμενοι as [voice] Pass., v. infr. 4:—protect, guard, of armour, [πήληξ] κάρη ῥύετ' Ἀχιλλῆος Il.16.799
; [κυνέη] εἴρυτο κάρη Hes.Sc. 138
;ῥύεται δὲ κάρη Il.10.259
, etc.;μίτρης..ἥ οἱ πλεῖστον ἔρυτο 4.138
, cf. 23.819 ;ἄστυ δὲ πύργοι ὑψηλαί τε πύλαι σανίδες τ'..εἰρύσσονται 18.276
, cf. 12.454 ; ἀμφὶ δὲ τάφρον ἤλασαν, ὄφρα σφιν νῆας..ῥύοιτο ib.8 ;οἶος ἐρύετο Ἴλιον Ἕκτωρ 6.403
, cf. 22.507, 24.499 ;οἵ με πάρος γε εἰρύατο 22.303
;ὅς σε πάρος περ ῥύομ' 15.257
, cf.A.Th.91 (lyr.), etc.; καὶ πῶς βέβηλον ἄλσος ἂν ῥύοιτό με; Id.Supp. 509 ;Λυκίην εἴρυτο δίκῃσί τε καὶ σθένεϊ ᾧ Il.16.542
; ; [ἔλαφον] ὕλη εἰρύσατο 15.274
; of warders or watchmen, 10.417 ;σῦς τάσδε φυλάσσω τε ῥύομαί τε Od.14.107
; νῆα, νῆας ἔρυσθαι, 9.194, 10.444, 14.260, 17.429 ;εἴρυσθαι μέγα δῶμα 23.151
; ἣ νῶϊν εἴρυτο θύρας, of a female slave, ib. 229;ἐπέτελλεν..εἴρυσθαι ἄκοιτιν 3.268
; αὖλιν ἔρυντο, of dogs, Theoc.25.76 ; ἔτι μ' αὖτ' εἰρύαται οἴκαδ' ἰόντα lie in wait for me, Od.16.463 ; χαλεπόν σε θεῶν..δήνεα εἴρυσθαι to discover them, 23.82 (here perh. a difft. word, cogn. with ἐρευνάω, cf. Pi.Fr.61) ; φρεσὶν εἰρύσσαιτο keep in his heart, conceal, Od.16.459 ; οἵ τε θέμιστας πρὸς Διὸς εἰρύαται maintain them, Il.1.239 : hence, support, hold in honour, with notion of obedience, ;ἔπος εἰρύσσασθαι 1.216
.2 without any notion of defence, merely cover,ὡς ῥύσαιτο περὶ χροΐ μήδεα φωτός Od.6.129
;φύλλων χύσις ἤλ θα πολλὴ ὅσσον τ' ἠὲ δύω ἠὲ τρεῖς ἄνδρας ἔρυσθαι 5.484
.3 c. acc. rei, keep off, ward off, ἀλλ' οὐκ οἰωνοῖσιν ἐρύσσατο κῆρα μέλαιναν by no augury could he ward off black death, Il.2.859 ; ἡ δ' (sc. ἀσπὶς)οὐκ ἔγχος ἔρυτο 5.538
, 17.518, Od.24.524 ;ἀλλὰ πάροιθεν εἰρύσατο ζωστήρ Il.4.186
.4 thwart, check, curb, much like ἐρύκω,Διὸς νόον εἰρύσσαιτο 8.143
; ;Ἠῶ ῥύσατ' ἐπ' Ὠκεανῷ Od.23.244
;νῆά τ' ἔρυσθαι A.R.3.607
; so prob. in Τροΐας ἶνας ἐκταμὼν δορί, ταί νιν ῥύοντό ποτε ( thwarted him)μάχας..ἔργον..κορύσσοντα Pi.I.8(7).57
; νόστον ἐρυσσάμενοι having been balked of their return ([voice] Med. in pass. sense, cf. ἐστεφανώσατο, κατασχόμενος), Id.N.9.23 (v.l. ἐρεις-):—[voice] Pass.,ἡ δ' ἔρῠτ' εἰν Ἀρίμοισι Hes.Th. 304
.5 rescue, save, deliver (not in [dialect] Att. Prose exc. Th.5.63);μετὰ χερσὶν ἐρύσατο Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων Il.5.344
, cf. 11.363; πῶς ἂν.. εἰρύσσαισθε Ἴλιον; 17.327 ;Ποσειδάων..Νέστορος υἱὸν ἔρυτο 13.555
;βουλῆς..ἥ τίς κεν ἐρύσσεται ἠδὲ σαώσει Ἀργείους 10.44
; ;ὁ δ' ἐρύσατο καί μ' ἐλέησεν Od.14.279
;ἐρρύσατο καὶ ἐσάωσεν Il.15.290
; ;πατρίδα ῥυομένους Id.Eleg.3
;ῥύου με κἀκφύλασσε S.OC 285
, cf. Hdt.7.217,8.114 : freq. folld. by a Prep.,οὐ γάρ κεν ῥύσαιτό σ' ὑπὲκ κακοῦ Od. 12.107
;Ζεῦ πάτερ, ἀλλὰ σὺ ῥῦσαι ὑπ' ἠέρος υἷας Ἀχαιῶν Il.17.645
, cf. 224 ;ἐκ..πόνων ἐρρύσατο Pi.P.12.19
;ῥύσασθαί μιν ἐκ τοῦ παρεόντος κακοῦ Hdt.1.87
;ὡς ἂν ἀλλὰ παῖδ' ἐμὴν ῥυσώμεθ' ἀνδρῶν ἐκ χερῶν μιαιφόνων E.Or. 1563
: (lyr.);ἀπὸ τοῦ πονηροῦ Ev.Matt.6.13
: c. gen.,ῥ. τινὰ τοῦ μὴ κατακαυθῆναι Hdt.1.86
;κακῶν μυρίων E.Alc. 770
; (lyr.);πολέμου καὶ μανιῶν ῥ. Ἑλλάδα Ar. Lys. 342
: c. inf.,ῥ. τινὰ θανεῖν E.Alc.11
;τινα μὴ κατθανεῖν Id.HF 197
, cf. Or. 599, Hdt.7.11 ; also, save from an illness, cure, Id.4.187 : generally, Id.3.132.6 set free, redeem, τὸν ἔνθεν ῥυσάμην I set him free from thence, Il.15.29 ;ἐκ δουλοσύνης Hdt.5.49
,9.90; δουλοσύνης ib. 76 ;μάντιν Ἠλεῖον..ἀπημελημένον ἐν τοῖσι ἀνδραπόδοισι ἐρρύσατο Id.3.132
; butχρυσῷ ἐρύσασθαι Il.22.351
seems to come from ([etym.] ϝ) ερύω (v. ἐρύω (A) B.1.2).b metaph., redeem, compensate for.., ἔργῳ γὰρ ἀγαθῷ ῥύσεσθαι τὰς αἰτίας (v.l. λύσεσθαι) Th.5.63 ; ταῦτα πάντα κατθανοῦσα ῥύσομαι my death will redeem (purchase) all this, E.IA 1383 (troch.);ῥ. καμάτους Epigr.Gr.853.6
:—double sense in S.OT 312, 313 ῥῦσαι σεαυτὸν καὶ πόλιν, ῥῦσαι δ' ἐμέ, ῥῦσαι δὲ πᾶν μίασμα τοῦ τεθνηκότος redeem (deliver) thyself and the state and me, and redeem the pollution from the dead (the μίασμα being thought of as an unpaid debt). ( ἐρῠ- ῥῡ- from ser[ucaron]- srū-, cogn. with Lat. servare, v. οὖρος 'guard', ἔρυμα, ἐρυμνός.) -
3 καταλέχομαι
A = κατάκεισο, Hsch. (cf. λέγω A); [dialect] Ep. only in [voice] Med. and [voice] Pass. [tense] fut. and [tense] aor.:—lie down, go to bed: [tense] aor. 1κατελέξατο Il.9.690
, Od.10.555: non-thematic [tense] aor. (or [tense] impf.) [voice] Pass.κατέλεκτο Il.9.662
, etc.; part.καταλέγμενος Od.22.196
; inf.καταλέχθαι 15.394
: [tense] fut.καταλέξομαι Hes.Op. 523
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > καταλέχομαι
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4 ἄρχω
Aἀρχέμεναι Il.20.154
: [tense] impf. ἦρχον ib.2.378, etc.; [dialect] Dor.ἆρχον Pi.O.10(11).51
: [tense] fut.ἄρξω Od.4.667
, A.Pr. 940, Th.1.144: [tense] aor. ἦρξα, [dialect] Ep.ἄρξα Od.14.230
, etc.: [tense] pf. ([place name] Thyatira), Decr. ap. Plu.2.851f:—[voice] Med., Od.8.90, etc.; non-thematic part.ἄρχμενος Call.Aet.3.1.56
, al.: [tense] impf., Il.9.93, Hdt.5.28: [tense] fut. ἄρξομαι (in med. sense, v. infr.) Il.9.97, E.IA 442, X.Cyr.8.8.2; [dialect] Dor.ἀρξεῦμαι Theoc.7.95
: [tense] aor.ἠρξάμην Od.23.310
, etc.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] pf. ἦργμαι only in med. sense, v. infr. 1.2: [tense] aor.ἤρχθην, ἀρχθῆναι Th.6.18
, Arist.Pol. 1277b13, v. infr.11.4:—to be first,I in Time, begin, make a beginning, [voice] Act. and [voice] Med. (in Hom. the [voice] Act. is more freq., in [dialect] Att. Prose the [voice] Med., esp. where personal action is emphasized), to be the aggressor,Th.
1.53; π. ἄρχεσθαι to begin one's operations, X.HG6.3.6; ἄρχειν τοῦ λόγου to open a conversation, Id.An.1.6.6; ἄρχεσθαι τοῦ λόγου to begin one's speech, ib.3.2.7. Constr.:1 mostly c. gen., make a beginning of,ἄρχειν πολέμοιο Il.4.335
;μύθων Od.3.68
;τῶν ἀδικημάτων πρῶτον τοῦτο ἄρξαι Hdt. 1.2
;ἦρξεν ἐμβολῆς A.Pers. 409
; τοῦ κακοῦ ib. 353; ἄρχειν χειρῶν ἀδίκων, ἄρχειν τῆς πληγῆς, strike the first blow, Antipho 4.2.1 and 2:— in [voice] Med. in religious sense, = ἀπάρχεσθαι, ἀρχόμενος μελέων beginning with the limbs, Od.14.428, cf. E. Ion 651; but [voice] Act.,σπονδαῖσιν ἄρξαι Pi.I.6(5).37
.2 c. gen., begin from or with..,ἐν σοὶ μὲν λήξω σέο δ' ἄρξομαι Il.9.97
;ἄρχεσθαι Διός Pi.N.5.25
; πόθεν ἄρξωμαι; A.Ch. 855;πόθεν ποτὲ ἦρκται Hp. VM5
; ἄρχεσθαι, ἦρχθαι ἔκ τινος, Od.23.199, Hp.Off.11; ἀπό τινος freq. in Prose, ἀρξάμενοι αὐτίκα ἀπὸ παιδίων even from boyhood, Hdt.3.12; but more commonly ἐκ παίδων, ἐκ παιδός, etc., Pl.R. 408d, Thg. 128d:— ἀπό in non-temporal relations, ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ σοῦ. i.e. including yourself, Pl.Grg. 471c, cf. D.18.297;ἀπὸ τῶν πατέρων X.Mem.3.5.15
; ; ἀφ' ἱερῶν ἠργμένη ἀρχή ib. 771a;ἀφ' Ἑστίας ἀρχόμενος Ar.V. 846
.3 c. gen. rei et dat. pers., ἄρχε θεοῖς δαιτός begin a banquet to the gods, Il.15.95;τοῖς ἄρα μύθων ἦρχε 2.433
, etc.;τῇσι δὲ.. ἄρχετο μολπῆς Od.6.101
;ἦρξε τῇ πόλει ἀνομίας τὸ νόσημα Th.2.53
, cf. 12;τὴν ἡμέραν ἄρχειν ἐλευθερίας τῇ Ἑλλάδι X.HG2.2.23
; .4 c. acc., ἄρχειν ὁδόν τινι, show him the way, Od.8.107 (but also ἄρχειν ὁδοῖο lead the way, 5.237): abs. (sc. ὁδόν), ἄρχε δ' Ἀθήνη 3.12
;σὺ μὲν ἄρχε Il.9.69
; ;ἦρχε δ' ἄρα σφιν Ἄρης 5.592
, cf. infr. 11.2: with other accusatives,ἄρχειν ὕμνον Pi.N.3.10
;ἅπερ ἦρξεν A.Ag. 1529
(lyr.);λυπηρόν τι S.El. 552
; .5 of actions,σέο δ' ἕξεται ὅττι κεν ἄρχῃ Il.9.102
: freq. c. inf., τοῖσιν δ' ἦρχ' ἀγορεύειν among them, Il.1.571, etc.; ἦρχε νέεσθαι, ἦρχ' ἴμεν, 2.84, 13.329;ἄρχετε νῦν νέκυας φορέειν Od.22.437
, etc.;ὑφαίνειν ἤρχετο μῆτιν Il.7.324
;ἤρξαντο οἰκοδομεῖν Th.1.107
;ἡ νόσος ἤρξατο γενέσθαι Id.2.47
: c. part., of continued action or condition,ἦρχον χαλεπαίνων Il.2.378
;ἢν ἄρξῃ ἀδικέων Hdt.4.119
;ἡ ψυχὴ ἄρχεται ἀπολείπουσα X.Cyr.8.7.26
;πόθεν ἂν ὀρθῶς ἀρξαίμεθα ἐπαινοῦντες; Pl.Mx. 237a
, cf. Tht. 187a (butἄ. ἐπαινεῖν Id.Phdr. 241e
);ἄρξομαι διδάσκων X.Cyr.8.8.2
(butἤρξω μανθάνειν Id.Mem.3.5.22
).6 abs., take the lead!Il.
9.69: generally, begin, ἄρχειν [τὴν ἐκεχειρίαν] τήνδε τὴν ἡμέραν Indut. ap. Th.4.118, cf. Lex ap.D.24.42; τὸ ἄρχον, opp. τὸ ἑπόμενον, Dam.Pr. 234: part. at first,X.
Eq.9.3, Cyn.3.8, Isoc.2.54; at the beginning,ἀρχομένου δὲ πίθου καὶ λήγοντος Hes.Op. 368
, cf. Fr.192.4; ;ἄρχεται ὁ πόλεμος ἐνθένδε Th.2.1
; ἅμα ἦρι ἀρχομένῳ ibid.; θέρους εὐθὺς ἀρχομένου ib.47.II in point of Place or Station, rule, govern, command,1 mostly c. gen., rule, be leader of..,Βοιωτῶν Il.2.494
, cf. Hdt.5.1, etc.2 less freq. c. dat.,ἀνδράσιν ἦρξα Od.14.230
, cf. 471, Il.2.805, Pi.P.3.4, A.Pr. 940, E.Andr. 666, IA 337, IG7.2830 ([place name] Hyettus), etc.; also ἐν δ' ἄρα τοῖσιν ἦρχ' held command among them, Il.13.690, cf. Pl.Phdr. 238a: c. inf. added, ἄρχε Μυρμιδόνεσσι μάχεσθαι led them on to fight, Il.16.65.3 abs., rule, , cf. Pers. 774; esp. hold a magistracy, ; at Athens, etc., to be archon, D.21.178; ἀρχάς, ἀρχὴν ἄρχειν, Hdt.3.80, Th.6.54; ἄρχειν τὴν ἐπώνυμον (with or without ἀρχήν) IG3.659, 693, SIG872.7.4 [voice] Pass., with [tense] fut.ἄρξομαι Hdt.7.159
, Pi.O.8.45, A.Pers. 589, Lys.28.7; butἀρχθήσομαι Arist.Pol. 1259b40
, D.C.65.10:—to be ruled, governed, etc.,ὑπό τινος Hdt.1.127
; , Ant.63;ὑπό τινι Hdt.1.91
, 103;σφόδρα ὑπό τινος Lys.12.92
; ap.D.L.1.60, cf. Pl.Prt. 326d;δύνασθαι καὶ ἄρχεσθαι καὶ ἄρχειν Arist. Pol. 1277b14
; subjects,X.
An.2 6.19, etc. -
5 εὔχομαι
A (anap.), etc.: [tense] aor. 1 εὐξάμην ([dialect] Att. ηὐ-) Il.8.254, etc.: [ per.] 2sg. subj.εὔξεαι Od.3.45
: (augm. ηὐ- only [dialect] Att.acc. to Hdn.Gr.2.789, Moer.175): — pray,θεοῖς Il.3.296
, Hdt.8.64, Th.3.58, etc.;ἀγάλμασι Heraclit.5
;ἀνέμοισι Hdt.7.178
; : c.acc. cogn.,εὐχὰς εὔ. τοῖς θεοῖς D.19.130
; εὐχὰς ὑπέρ τινος πρὸς τοὺς θεοὺς εὔ. Aeschin.3.18; εὔ. ἔπος to utter it in prayer, Simon.37.19, Pi.P.3.2, A.Supp. 1059 (lyr.); μεγάλα, μέγα εὔ., pray aloud, Il.3.275, Od.17.239;πολλὰ Ποσειδάωνι 3.54
: later, c.acc., Ἄρτεμιν εὔ. AP9.268 (Antip. Thess.): abs., Il.7.298, A.Ch. 465 (lyr.), Ar.Fr.39 D. (lyr.), etc.2 c. acc. et inf., pray that, Od.15.353, 21.211, Hdt.1.31; of an unrealizable wish (cf.εὐχή 2
), Arist.EN 1118a32, cf. Macho ap.Ath.8.341d: c. inf. alone,εὔ. θάνατον φυγεῖν Il.2.401
; τί δοκέεις εὔχεσθαι ἄλλο ἢ.. λαβεῖν; Hdt.1.27;οἶκον ἰδεῖν Pi.P.4.293
, etc.; τοῖς θεοῖς c. acc. et inf., Pl.Phd. 117c; also εὔ. τοὺς θεοὺς δοῦναί μοι pray that the gods may give, Ar.Th. 351, X.An.6.1.26;πρὸς τοὺς θεοὺς διδόναι Id.Mem.1.3.2
;ταῖς Μούσαις εἰπεῖν Pl.R. 545d
, etc.; later εὔ. ἵνα Aristeas 45, D.H.9.53, Arr.Epict.2.6.12;ὅπως Wien.Stud.44.159
.3 c. acc. obj., pray for, long or wish for,χρυσόν Pi.N.8.37
, etc.; ; εὔ. τινί τι pray for something for a person, S.Ph. 1019;κακόν τινι Lys.21.21
; also, pray for a thing from..,τοῖς θεοῖς πολλὰ ἀγαθὰ ὑπέρ τινος X.Mem.2.2.10
; τοῖς θεοῖς πολυκαρπίαν ib.3.14.3;δεινὸν κατά τινος Luc.Abd.32
.II vow or promise to do.., c. [tense] fut. inf.,εὔχομαι ἐξελάαν κύνας Il.8.526
;θεοῖσι.. ἑκατόμβας ῥέξειν Od.17.50
, cf. Il.4.101, Pl.Phd. 58b, IG12.108.55, 22.112.6 (iv B.C.): c. [tense] aor. inf., εὔχετο πάντ' ἀποδοῦναι claimed (the right) to pay in full, Il.18.499 (unless in signf. 111.3): c. [tense] pres.inf., ηὔξω θεοῖς.. ἂν ὧδ' ἔρδειν τάδε; A.Ag. 933, cf. S.Ph. 1032 codd.2 c. acc. rei, vow a thing,πολλῶν πατησμὸν εἱμάτων A.Ag. 963
; ; [λύχνον] περὶ παιδός Call.Epigr.56.3
.3 εὔ. κατά τινος of the thing vowed (as though on the altar),εὔ. τοῖς θεοῖς κατὰ ἑκατόμβης Plu.Mar.26
, cf. 2.294b;κατὰ νικητηρίων D.Ep.1.16
.III profess loudly, boast, vaunt,οὕτω φησὶ καὶ εὔχεται, οὕνεκ' Ἀχιλλεὺς νηυσὶν ἔπι γλαφυρῇσι μένει Il.14.366
;εὑρεῖν Emp. 2.6
: mostly, not of empty boasting, but of something of which one has a right to be proud, , cf. 8.190; , cf. Pl.Grg. 449a: rarely without inf., ἐκ Κρητάων γένος εὔχομαι (sc. εἶναι) Od.14.199;τὸ πατρόθεν ἐκ Διὸς εὔχονται Pi.O.7.23
, cf.P. 4.97; πόρτις εὔχεται βοός (sc. εἶναι) A.Supp. 314;ἔνθεν εὔχομαι γένος E.Fr. 696
; but also,3 simply, profess or declare,ἱκέτης δέ τοι εὔ. εἶναι Od.5.450
;οὔτ' ὦν ἀκοῦσαι οὔτ' ἰδεῖν εὔχοντο Pi.O.6.53
; τίς χθὼν εὔχεται ἥδε [ εἶναι]; A.R.4.1251; cf. supr.11.1.IV [voice] Pass., ἐμοὶ μετρίως ηὖκται I have prayed sufficiently, Pl.Phdr. 279c: [tense] pf.inf.,ταῦτα μὲν ηὖχθαι IG22.112.12
(iv B.C.); ἡ πανήγυρις ἡ.. εὐχθεῖσα vowed, D.C.48.32: but [tense] plpf. (or non-thematic preterite) ηὔγμην in act. sense, S.Tr. 610; so . (Cf. Skt. óhate 'to (be able to) boast that one is', 'to brag', Avest. aog- 'declare solemnly'.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > εὔχομαι
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6 κτείνω
Aκτείνωμι Od.19.490
; [dialect] Aeol. [full] κτέννω Hdn.Gr.2.303 (and [tense] aor. 1 part.κτένναις Alc.33.5
), butκταίνω Id.140
acc. to Eust.1648.5 (leg. Ἀλκμᾶνι); [dialect] Ep. Iterat.κτείνεσκε Il.24.393
: [tense] fut. κτενῶ, [dialect] Ep.κτενέω Od.16.404
, - έεις Il.22.13, - έει ib. 124, al. (κτενεῖ 15.65
, 68), part. κτανέοντα only 18.309 (but in compos.κατα-κτανέουσιν 6.409
): [tense] aor. 1ἔκτεινα 19.296
, etc.: [tense] aor. 2ἔκτᾰνον 2.701
, etc.: [tense] pf.not found un compounded: [tense] plpf.ἀπ-εκτονήκειν Plu.Tim.16
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. κτανθήσομαι Sch.T Il.14.481: [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3pl. [tense] aor.ἔκτᾰθεν Il.11.691
, Od.4.537,κτάθεν Q.S.1.812
;ἐκτάνθην AP14.32
, (ἀπ-) LXX 1 Ma.2.9, Ev.Marc.8.31, D.C.65.4: [tense] aor. 2 ἀπ-εκτάνην [ᾰ] Gal.14.284: [tense] pf. ἐκτάνθαι ἀπ-) Plb.7.7.4:—Hom.also uses non-thematic forms, [ per.] 3sg., 1 and [ per.] 3pl. [tense] aor.ἔκτᾰ Od.11.410
, al. ( κατ- Il.15.432),ἔκτᾰμεν Od.12.375
,ἔκτᾰν 19.276
, Il.10.526 ( ἔκτα also in S.Tr.38, E.HF 423 (lyr., with [pron. full] ᾱ)); [ per.] 1pl. subj.κτέωμεν Od.22.216
; inf. κτάμεν ( κατα-) Il.9.458, κτάμεναι [ᾰ] 5.301, al.; part. κτάς ( κατα-) 22.323, also in Trag., A. Th. 965 (lyr.), E.IT 715: [tense] aor. [voice] Med. in pass. sense, [ per.] 3sg.ἀπ-έκτᾰτο Il.15.437
; inf. κτάσθαι ib. 558 (prob. in pass. sense); part.κτάμενος 22.75
, Hes.Op. 541, Pi.Fr. 203 codd., A.Pers. 923 (lyr.), Cratin.95:—kill, slay, freq. in Poets, also in early [dialect] Att., Lex Draconis in IG12.115.20; but in Prose and Com. ἀποκτείνω prevailed; usu. of men, less freq. of slayingan animal, as Il.15.587, Od.12.375, 19.543, Ar.Av. 1063 (lyr.); Οὖτίς με κτείνει δόλῳ seeks to kill me, Od.9.408, cf. S.OC 993; ὁ κτανών the slayer, murderer, A.Eu. 422;οἱ κτανόντες Id.Ch.41
(lyr.), 144, etc.2 put to death, Th.1.132, Arist.HA 625a16, al.; esp. in legal language,εἰ.. ἐν δίκῃ ἔκτεινεν ὁ κτείνας Pl.Euthphr.4b
, cf. Prt. 322d, Lg. 871e, al., Lys.10.11.3 of things, ὥστε καὶ κτείνειν so as to be fatal, of the plague, Th.2.51 (so in [voice] Pass., εὖτ' ἂν ὑπὸ τοῦ κακοῦ κτεινέωνται when the disease is proceeding towards a fatal termination, Aret.SD1.5);τὰ φύλλα [ἀποκύνου].. κτείνει κύνας Dsc.4.80
.4 put an end to,θέρος [νοῦσον] κτείνει Aret.SD1.16
. ([voice] Pass. in Hom. and [dialect] Ion. Prose, Il.11.668, 14.60, Od.11.413, Hdt.4.3, etc.; but Trag. almost always used θνῄσκω or καταθνῄσκω as the [voice] Pass., Com. Poets and Prose writers ἀποθνῄσκω.) (Cf. Skt. k[snull ]atás 'wounded'.) -
7 ἐθέλω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `want'.Other forms: with aphairesis θέλω (Aeol. Ion. Hell.; in Hom. only ο 317; see Debrunner Festschrift Zucker 87ff.), aor. ( ἐ)θελῆσαι, fut. ( ἐ)θελήσω (Il.), perf. ἠθέληκα (X.), τεθέληκα (hell.)Compounds: As 1. member in ἐθελο-κακέω `do wrong deliberately, play the coward deliberately' (Hdt.) with ἐθελοκάκησις (Plb.), cf. μνησι-κακέω a. o.; ἐθελό-δουλος `voluntary slave' with - δουλεία (Pl.), ἐθέλ-εχθρος (Crat.) etc. EN Έθελο-κράτης a. o. (inscr.).Derivatives: ( ἐ)θελημός `voluntary' (Hes.), ( ἐ)θελήμων `id.' (Pl.) with ἐθελημοσύναι pl. (PMag. Par.); θέλημα `will' (Antipho Soph.; θελήμη Theognost.) with θελημάτιον; - τικός, θέλησις, - ητής, - ητός (LXX usw.). - From ἐθελοντ-: ἐθελοντής `volunteer' (Hdt.) with - τήν adv. (Hdt.); rare θελοντής (Hdt. v. l.); Hom. has ἐθελοντῆρας (β 292); ἐθελούσιος `voluntary' (X., after ἑκούσιος). Adv. ἐθελοντί, - τηδόν `voluntarily' (Th.), ἐθελόντως (sch.). - Isolated θέλεος ἀθέλεος `volens nolens' (A. Supp. 862 [lyr.]), poet. formation after the adj. in - εος.Etymology: ( ἐ)θέλω is a primary thematic pres. ind, which has - η- in all non-present forms. To OCS želéjǫ, -ěti `wish, desire', from * h₁gʷʰel-. (Not to φαλίζει θέλει H.; before e one expects a dental).Page in Frisk: 1,447-448Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐθέλω
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8 θρέομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `cry aloud, shriek, proclaim' (A., E., always of women), only pres. except θρεύετο (poet. inscr., Epid. IVa), artificially formed after θρεῦμαι A. Th. 78; on the imperfective actio Fournier Les verbes "dire" 90 and 228.Compounds: very oft en as 2. member, e. g. ἀλλό-θροος `with other(mans) voice, with foreigm language'Derivatives: θρόος, Att. θροῦς m. `noise, murmur, rumour' (Δ 437, Pi. N. 7, 81, Th., X.), (Od.). Iterative deverbative resp. denominative (cf. Schwyzer 719 and 726; θρόος partly postverbal?) θροέω, aor. θροῆσαι, rarely with prefix δια-, προσ- a. o., `cry, proclaim, speak' (trag.); pass. θροεῖσθαι, θροηθῆναι `be drowned, confused, frightened' (LXX, NT); from there συνθρόησις `confusion, shyness' (S. E. M. 9, 169).Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [255?] *dhreu-??Etymology: Beside the thematic root present θρέ(Ϝ)ομαι, IE -dhreu̯-o-, Armenian has an athematic root present erdnum, aor. erdu-ay `swear', IE * dhru-neu-mi; cf. OLat. deicō againt δείκ-νυ-μι. Frisk Etyma Armen. 8ff., where also relation with θάρνυται as `speak' ( δηλοῖ την διὰ λόγων ἔντευξιν H.) is considered. Here perhaps also θόρυβος and θρυλέω, θρῦλος; but this is hardly IE; Pok. 255 should be reconsidered, it contains much Greek that is non-IE [the Arm form is not mentioned here]. Cf. also θρῆνος.Page in Frisk: 1,681Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θρέομαι
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9 κίω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `set (oneself) in movement, (move)away' (Hom., A.), wiht θ-enlargement μετ-εκίαθε, - ον `followed after, visited' (Il.; ῑ metr. lengthening).Other forms: κίεις A. Ch. 680, further only preterite and non-indicative forms: ἔκιε ( κίε), κίομεν, κίον, ipv. κίε, subj. κίῃς, opt. κίοι, ptc. κιώνEtymology: Orig. thematic root-aorist, which was interpreted as imperfect and got incidental present-forms (Schwyzer 747 and 686, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 392f.; diff. Bloch Suppl. Verba 26ff.). - Beside the old root-aorist κί-ε Latin has an old primary to-deriv. in cĭ-tus `quick', prop. *`put in movement' (con-cĭtus, solli-cĭtus a. o.). As present served im Greek κίνυμαι, κινέω (s. v.), which however was in close connection with σεύω (s. v.). In Latin the innovation ciēre (secondary ( ac)- cīre) functioned as present. A "heavy basis" is supposed in μετ-εκίαθε and κίατο ἐκινεῖτο H.; to κια- (* kih₂-e-) the longvocalic κί̄-νυ-μαι could function as zero grade. - (Not here κίνδαξ s.v.) Cf. Strunk, Nasalpräsentien 88, 100, 114. W.-Hofmann s. cieō, Pok. 538f.Page in Frisk: 1,862-863Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κίω
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